HERITAGE LANGUAGE SEBAGAI IDENTITAS ETNIS ANAK IMIGRAN INDONESIA DI MALAYSIA: STUDI SOSIOLINGUISTIK DALAM PEWARISAN BAHASA

Aswan Aswan, Dadang Hermawan, Asmah Amir

Abstract


Krisis identitas bagi anak pekerja migran Indonesia di Malaysia menjadi fenomena yang memiliki urgensi untuk diteliti. Anak pekerja migran Indonesia yang lahir dan besar di Malaysia hidup dalam ruang lingkup multinasional dan multilingual sehingga mengalami krisis identitas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menggambarkan praktik pewarisan bahasa (heritage language) sebagai penguatan identitas etnis bagi anak pekerja migran Indonesia di Malaysia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi sosiolinguistik. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode observasi dengan teknik simak dan catat. Subjek penelitian yang diamati adalah anak pekerja migran Indonesia berjumlah 100 orang dengan jenjang umur 8 hingga 12 tahun. Teknik analisis data dilakukan menggunakan model analisis interaktif, yaitu kondensasi data, analisis data, dan penarikan simpulan. Hasil temuan penelitian ini adalah bahasa daerah dan bahasa Indonesia berperan sebagai heritage language nondominan yang diwariskan melalui praktik sosio-budaya pertuturan keluarga, komunitas etnis, tradisi lisan, tayangan televisi, media sosial, dan sekolah nonformal. Disimpulkan bahwa upaya masyarakat imigran Indonesia di Malaysia mengatasi krisis identitas adalah dengan mewariskan bahasa daerah dan bahasa Indonesia (heritage language) kepada generasi kedua, yaitu anak-anak mereka, sebagai penutur bahasa warisan. Tujuannya adalah untuk memperkuat identitas etnis mereka dalam menghadapi tantangan krisis identitas. Implikasi penelitian ini dapat dijadikan rujukan bagi keluarga, sekolah, konsulat RI, dan para pemangku kebijakan dalam membuat program-program yang relevan untuk memperkokoh identitas etnis bagi anak pekerja migran Indonesia di Malaysia.

Keywords


heritage language, identitas etnis, pewarisan bahasa, sosiolinguistik

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.37671/sb.v11i2.473

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