PERBANDINGAN FITUR MORFOLOGIS ANTARA VERBA DENOMINATIF DALAM BAHASA INDONESIA DAN BAHASA INGGRIS (The Morphological Comparison of Denominal Verbs in The Bahasa Indonesia and The English)
Abstract
Abstrak
Predikat dalam bahasa Indonesia (bI) dan bahasa Inggris (bIng) secara umum diisi oleh kata kerja atau verba. Kelaziman tersebut berimplikasi pada munculnya fenomena perubahan kelas kata nomina menjadi verba. Konstruksi yang diciptakan dari proses perubahan tersebut dikenal dengan verba denominatif (VDn). Konstruksi VDn dalam bI dapat berwujud membukukan, berpidato, menggambarkan, dan sejenisnya. Konstruksi VDn dalam bIng dapat berwujud summarize, darken, beautify, dan sejenisnya. Melalui penelitian ini, fenomena konstruksi VDn dalam dua bahasa tersebut diperbandingkan. Pembandingan dilakukan untuk mendeskripsikan fitur morfologis konstruksi VDn dalam bI dan bIng. Data berupa konstruksi VDn yang mengisi fungsi predikat klausa atau kalimat bI dan bIng yang dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan metode simak (observasi) model Sudaryanto (2015). Data dianalisis berdasarkan landasan teoretis morfologi kontrastif (contrastive morphology) (Lefer, 2011). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dua deskripsi kecenderungan. Pertama, secara khusus, aspek persamaan bersumber pada (a) afiks derivasional sebagai pemarkah konstruksi dan (b) jenis nomina yang diderivasikan. Kedua, aspek perbedaan terdiri atas (a) distribusi afiks derivasional bI lebih bervariasi daripada bIng dan (b) pola pembentukan konstruksi VDn bI lebih bervariasi daripada bIng.
Kata kunci: verba denominatif, morfologi kontrastif, bahasa Indonesia, bahasa Inggris
Abstract
The function of predicate of the Bahasa Indonesia and the Englsih commonly filled by the verb classes. That syntactical order stimulates the phenomenon of word class-changes, namely from noun into verb. The construction that producted by those process identified as denominal verb (VDn). The constructions of VDn of Bahasa Indonesia appear on many form, for example membukukan, berpidato, menggambarkan, and so on. In addition to Bahasa Indonesia, the VDn of English appear on several forms, for example summarize, darken, beautify, and so on. In this study, the phenomenon of VDn of the Bahasa Indonesia and the English compared to describe the morphological feature of VDN on those two languages. The data were clause or sentence of the Bahasa Indonesia and the English that using VDn as a predicate. The data of study collected by observation method (simak) formulated by Sudaryanto (2015). The analysis of data based on the theoretical framework of Contrastive Morphology (Lefer, 2011). The results show two descriptions of tendency. First, the similarity of VDn of the Bahasa Indonesia and the English is on (a) the derivational affixes as a VDn marker and (b) the types of noun as a based morpheme. Second, the difference of VDn of the Bahasa Indonesia and the English is on (a) the distribution of afffixes on the VDn of Bahasa Indonesia were more varied than the VDn of English and (b) the pattern of formation of VDn of the Bahasa Indonesia more varied than the VDn of the English.
Keywords: denominal verbs, contrastive morphology, the bahasa Indonesia, the EnglishKeywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.37671/sb.v7i2.171
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